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Notes
Questions
For each function
a. Find the points of inflection
b. Find the open intervals where f is concave up
c. Find the open intervals where f is concave down
\(\textbf{1)}\) \( f(x)=2x^2+4x+3 \)
\(\textbf{2)}\) \( f(x)=\frac{1}{5}x^5-16x+5 \)
\(\textbf{3)}\) \( f(x)=-3x+2 \)
\(\textbf{4)}\) \( f(x)=4x^3+1 \)
See Related Pages\(\)
\(\bullet\text{ Calculus Homepage}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\text{All the Best Topics…}\)
\(\bullet\text{ Definition of Derivative}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \displaystyle \lim_{\Delta x\to 0} \frac{f(x+ \Delta x)-f(x)}{\Delta x} \)
\(\bullet\text{ Equation of the Tangent Line}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,f(x)=x^3+3x^2−x \text{ at the point } (2,18)\)
\(\bullet\text{ Derivatives- Constant Rule}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\displaystyle\frac{d}{dx}(c)=0\)
\(\bullet\text{ Derivatives- Power Rule}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\displaystyle\frac{d}{dx}(x^n)=nx^{n-1}\)
\(\bullet\text{ Derivatives- Constant Multiple Rule}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\displaystyle\frac{d}{dx}(cf(x))=cf'(x)\)
\(\bullet\text{ Derivatives- Sum and Difference Rules}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\displaystyle\frac{d}{dx}[f(x) \pm g(x)]=f'(x) \pm g'(x)\)
\(\bullet\text{ Derivatives- Sin and Cos}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\displaystyle\frac{d}{dx}sin(x)=cos(x)\)
\(\bullet\text{ Derivatives- Product Rule}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\displaystyle\frac{d}{dx}[f(x) \cdot g(x)]=f(x) \cdot g'(x)+f'(x) \cdot g(x)\)
\(\bullet\text{ Derivatives- Quotient Rule}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\displaystyle\frac{d}{dx}\left[\displaystyle\frac{f(x)}{g(x)}\right]=\displaystyle\frac{g(x) \cdot f'(x)-f(x) \cdot g'(x)}{[g(x)]^2}\)
\(\bullet\text{ Derivatives- Chain Rule}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\displaystyle\frac{d}{dx}[f(g(x))]= f'(g(x)) \cdot g'(x)\)
\(\bullet\text{ Derivatives- ln(x)}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\displaystyle\frac{d}{dx}[ln(x)]= \displaystyle \frac{1}{x}\)
\(\bullet\text{ Implicit Differentiation}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\)
\(\bullet\text{ Horizontal Tangent Line}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\)
\(\bullet\text{ Mean Value Theorem}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\)
\(\bullet\text{ Related Rates}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\)
\(\bullet\text{ Increasing and Decreasing Intervals}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\)
\(\bullet\text{ Intervals of concave up and down}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\)
\(\bullet\text{ Inflection Points}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\)
\(\bullet\text{ Graph of f(x), f'(x) and f”(x)}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\)
\(\bullet\text{ Newton’s Method}\)
\(\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,x_{n+1}=x_n – \displaystyle \frac{f(x_n)}{f'(x_n)}\)
In Summary
In calculus, we often encounter the concepts of concavity and inflection points, which describe the shape of a curve. Specifically, an interval of concave up refers to a section of a curve that is shaped like a cup and concave down refers to a curve shaped like an upside down cup. These intervals are important to understand in order to analyze the behavior of functions and make predictions about their behavior. When a function is concave up, the second derivative will be positive and when it is concave down the second derivative will be negative. Inflection points are where a graph switches concavity from up to down or from down to up. Inflection points can only occur if the second derivative is equal to zero at that point.
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